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JACOB H. LINVILLE, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

PRINTING-TELEGRAPH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N o. 377,763, datedFebruary 14, 1888.

Application filed August 18, 1887. Serial No. 2li-7.236. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, J AcoB H. LINVILLE, of the cityand county ofPhiladelphia, in the State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain newand useful Improvements in Printing- Telegraphs, of which the followingis a specification. Y

My invention relates especially to that class of printing telegraphswhich operate automatically as transmitters or as receivers byelectrical pulsations sent from any instrument organized as atransmitter orfrom a centralwith one or more instruments organized asreceivers when 'the printing by the transmitters and receiversis`controlled by any instrument in the line operating as a transmitter.The organization of the instruments and circuits is such as to adaptthem to a complete system of communication between businessoflices,either in direct connection by private wires or connectedthrough a-central station.

The instruments operate with single-line conductors and local batteriesor with two conductors dispensing with local batteries, Vwith or withoutcentral-station pulsators and without the employment of alternatingcurrents of reverse polarity. l

My invention further relates to improvements.in apparatus described inLetters Patent No. 368,217, dated August 16, 1887, for presenting thepaper in page form from a continuous roll to the type-wheels, in devicesfor preventing impressions from one type-wheel While printing from theother, and in the circuits employed to unison the type-wheels to effectimpressions, and to signal to the operator at a transmitter the movementof the paper-carriage of a receiver; and my invention further relates toimprovements in electromagnetic and mechanical devices and in thearrangement of the electric circuits, by means of which anyT operator isenabled to individualize the receivers on a single-line conductor andsend a message to any receiver or to any number of receivers in a seriesor otherwise connected.

My invention consists, first, in the peculiar construction of a table ofcontacts or sunflowersconsisting of two annular series of insulatedmetallic segments, each series equal in number to the divisions of thetype-wheels,

placed concentric with vthe'type-wheel shaft and traversed by brushessecured to metallic hubs on the type-wheel shaft and insulatedtherefrom, and in the connection of ,these segments with the respectivelines through the electrical devices and the insulated contactspring'scontrolled by the keys of a key-board. Insulated contact-springs inelectrical connection, respectively, with the main-line typewheel andprinting circuits and a source of electrical energy bear on theinsulated metallic hubs on the type-wheel shaft, connecting thereby theline-circuits with the brushes and segments of the sunflowers. One ofthese series of segments insulated from one another'is in connectionwith the type-wheel circuit by a conductor from each segment toalternately open and closed circuit springs operated by the stems of thekeys of the key-board, except in one instance, where three consecutivecontacts are connected to the closed-circuit springs o f the key-board,as in my previous patent hereinbefore referred to. The open-circuitsprings connected to one series of segments `are connected tothe'type-Wheel line'and conversely the closed-circuit springs aredisconnected from Vthis line by the depression of their respective keys,which simultaneously close the pri nting-line circuitnormally openthrough the other series of segments and through their circuit-springscorresponding to each division of the type-wheels.` The pulsations inthe former main line operate in the instrument organized as atransmitter through a neutral electro-magnet, its armature, andretractingspring to vibrate wedge-pallets secured to the armature-lever,and thereby drive a star-wheel attached to the type-wheel shaft,automatically making and breaking alternately the mainline circuit atthe suntlowersegmentsA and through the successive open and closedcircuit contact-springs of the key-board until a contact-brush reaches asegment connected to a depressed key and contact-spring, whereby thealternation of makes and breaks of. circuit is4 interrupted, and thetype-wheel is arrested in consequence of the brush encountering twoconsecutive makes or breaks of circuit. A. The

pulsations sentV to line operate through similarV IOO electro-magneticdevices and escapements to drive in unison the type-wheels of thereceiver at which the main-line circuit must be switched around thesunflowers and contact-springs of the keys.

My invention consists, secondly, in so organizing the circuits that whena central-station pulsator is included in circuit the typewheel linethrough such pulsator is switched around the sunflower andcontact-springs of the key-board at both the transmitters and receivers;but the printing-line is switched around the sunflower and contactsprings of the key-board only at receivers, and operates through thecontactsprings at the key-board of a transmitter, when the circuit oftheprinting-line is closed by a brush contacting with a segment of theprinting-line sunflower in electrical connection with the contact-springdepressed by a key, to arrest the central-sta tion pulsator by anelectro-magnetic detent in the circuit of the printing-line. The mainbatteries are located at the central station with suitable indicators,signaling devices, switchboards, and connections to subscriber lines andinstruments, to enable the subscribers to signal the central office andthe attendant to connect in circuit any instruments on the respectivelines. Vhen only two instruments are in conimunication-as betweenbusiness offices-the batteries may be located at any point on the linesconnecting these instruments.

My invention consists, thirdly, in so organizing the instruments andcircuits that they will operate to effect automatic unison and printingby means of directors and correctors, as shown and described in myprevious patent hereinbefore referred to, when the escapementelectro-magnets actuate wedge-pallets in response to alternate makes andbreaks of circuit in the type-wheel line, and when the printingv iseffected by a separate printing main line closed through contacts on thedirector, or, in the absence of a printing-line, by localbattery-circuits closed by the director, when the type-wheels arearrested by two consecutive makes or breaks of circuit in the type-wheelline.

My invention consists, fourthly, in the regulation of the speed of theinstruments operating automatically byincluding in the typewheel mainline an electro-magnet actuated by pulsations in said circuit andclosing the line by which it is actuated in parallel circuit through anescapement electro-magnet.

My invention consists, tifthly, in the permanently-fixed guardsinclosing the face of the type-Wheelnot employed in giving impressionsand a printing-spring located betweenv the type-wheels and adjustable toand shifted laterally by the rod which shifts the typewheels.

My invention consists, sixt-bly, in a signalizing device operating notonly through the type-wheel line, as in my previous patent hereinbeforereferred to, but also through the printing-line when an electro-magnetoperating a detent is embraced in the circuit of the printing-line.

My invention consists, seventhly, in theindividualizing of instrumentsconnected in series by means of direct currents sent over the type-Wheelline, whereby the typewheel and director are stopped at the cut-out7division of the type-wheels, in which position of the director abranchline of the printing-circuit operates a circuit-disk, moving itone step for each revolution of the type-wheel. The electro magnets foreffecting the printing, for feedingthe paper,releasing thepaper-carriage, and shifting the type-wheels are in theprinting-circuit. several instru ments in series that they are firstplaced in unison. The unison-latch is released by the next revolution ofthe type wheel, stopping at, say,a shifting position ofthe type- Wheels.Then each successive revolution of the type-wheels, stopping at cut-ontdivision, will cut out all the electromagnetsin the printing-circuitsexcepting the electro-magnet in the branch circuit, operating to rotatethe disks and bring into circuit the electro-magnet in theprinting-circuit of the instrument numbered l. Asecond revolution cutsout No. l and brings into circuit the instrument numbered 2, and so onin succession. A switch in the local circuit of the instrument fromwhich the cut-out is operated enables theoperator to arrest the circuitcloser of his instrument when The disks are so arranged inthe it closesthe local circuit until he brings into circuit the printingelectro-magnets of the instrument on which he desires to record amessage; and my invention consists, eighthly, in the peculiararrangement ofthe apparatus by which actuating parts are plainly visibleand the adjusting devices are rendered simple and easily accessible, andby which the paper is presented horizontally in a flat sheet below thetype-wheelsinaposition convenient for manipulation and the inspection ofthe operator.

The nature and scope of my invention will be more fully understood byreference to the accompanying drawings, showing the same in 'a mannerfound practically efficienthand in which- Figurel is a plan view of thekey-board,main shaft, corrector, director, and circuit-springs,scape-wheel, and unison electro-magnet, and showing, also, a sectionalview of the sunflower and a plan of the electro-magnets and devicesemployed in operating the paper-carriage. Fig. 2 isalongitudinal sectionthrough the printing-instrument, showing the key-anvilsandcontactsprings, the sunflower, es capement, unison, type-wheel,shiftingand cutout electro-magnets, and the devices operated thereby. Fig. 3 isa transverse sectional view through the printing instrument and thepaper carriage, the section being' taken through the center of thesuniiower and arm carrying the type-wheel shaft, but exhibiting in sideelevation the type-wheel shaft, corrector, director, and the hubscarrying the sunflower-brushes. Fig. 3 is a sectional view of thepaper-carriage, showing a modified forniA of guide-wheels. Fig. 4 is aside elevation of IOS IIO

the paper-carriage racks, feed-rollers,-signaling-spring,andback-stoptothepaper-carriage. Fig. 5 isa side elevation ofthe printing-instrument, the 1table supporting the electro-magnets, andthe devices operating therewith to effect the impressions to spacebetween letters and lines and to release the paper-carriage. Fig. 6 isan end elevation, on an enlarged scale, showing the type-wheel support,ink-roller, curved guards for the type-wheels, L-shaped in section, andthe arm carrying the printingspring between the type-wheels. Fig. 7 is adetail View of. Fig. 6, partly in section and partly in elevation,showing in section the sleeve carrying the type-wheels and in elevationthe shifting-rod carrying the shifting-arm, the ink-roller, and the armsupporting the printing-spring. Fig. 8 is a top view of the ink-roller,its frame and connection with the shiftingrod, and the adjusting-springfor the ink-roller. Fig. 9 is aperspective view of the side projectingbase-plate and table supporting the paper-carriagev and feeding devices,showing, also, the electro-magnet for feeding between lines, thespacing-ratchetsfor spacing between letters, the ratchet and gearwheels,and the shafts and rollers for feeding the paper 'to space betweenlines. Fig. 9a isa perspective view of a modified form of means foroperating the feed-rollers by a ratchet-lever. Fig. 10 is a diagrammaticview of the operative parts, the electro magnets and switches, and theelectrical circuits through the same when the instrument is organized asa transmitter, the portion of the drawing in broken lines illustratingan alternative arrangement when a. relay is included in the circuit.Fig. l0 is a diagrammatic View embracing similar portions of thecircuits and electro-magnets show'n in Figs. 10 and 11, and

illustrating modifications of the circuits when lsubscriber-instruments.

local printing-batteries connected in the printing-circuit of atransmitter and a receiver arel used in lieu of the main-line printingbatteries and circuits. Fig. 1 1 is a diagrammatic view of the operatingparts, the electro-magn ets, and switches, and the electrical circuitsthrough the sanne when the instrument is organized as a receiver, theportion of the drawing in broken lines illustrating an alternativearrangement when a relay is included in the circuit. Fig. 12 is adiagrammatic view, principally in isometric perspective, of acentralstation apparatus, and shows the electrical circuits and devicesfor connecting the batteries through a central-station annunciator,pulsator, and printer with the main lines' through Fig. 12is adiagrammatic view, mainly in isometrical perspective, of acentral-station apparatus,l showing the electrical circuits and devicesfor connecting the batteries through the central station, audidevicesftherefor operated by the type-wheelshifting electro-magnets. Fig. 14 isa detail of a unison-arm operated by a spring secured to the unison-armand to the type-wheel shaft and stopped vby a fixedv disk and locked andreleased by the unison electro-magnet, the loose unison-arm and fixeddisk being arranged to effect unison in one revolution. Fig. 15 isadetail of a unison device with aloose unisonarm and two disks on thetype-wheel shaft, the

loose unisonarm and loose disk being revolved by a spring securedthereto and to the typewheel shaft and stopped by the disk Xed to thetype-wheel shaft, effecting unison in two or less than two revolutions,the unison-arm being locked and released by the unison electro-magnet;and Fig. 16 is aplan and sectional elevation of a sunflower and itselectrical devices and connections with the conductors through theimpression and paper-feeding electro-'magnets and the shifting andreleasing electro-magnets, and which may be substituted in theinstrument for the director and` its electrical devices.

Referring to the drawings, A represents the I base, to which t'hekey-board B and the frameplates A1 A5, containing the mechanismcontrolling the type-wheel shaft, are attached.

Between the frame-plates A4 A5 are removable plate-'glass slides A7 AsA, held in position by the removable corner-stripsv or,3 a. means thedelicate mechanism of the instrument is rendered plainly visible andeasily aecessible, and is also protected from dust or other extraneousmatter and injury.

The key-board B, carrying the keys with their stems b b, is removablefrom the ca se A. The plate B,of insulating material, carries thecircuit-springs and anvils, and is secured to bearings a. on theinterior of the 'case A. The key-.board contains keys engraved withletters and punctuation-marks, also with other characters and figures.on each key is found on the type-wheel con` taining letters of thealphabet, and the lower character on each key is found on the typewheel,containing figures. When the key marked Letters is depressed',thetype-wheel containing' letters is brought into position'to print, andwhen the key marked Figuresv7 is depressed the type-wheelcontaininggures is placed in position to give the impression. The keymarked Feed is depressed in order to feed the space between lines. Thekey marked Release is employed to release the papercarriage, the keymarked Blank to space between words, the key marked Repeat7 Out toop'eratethe individualizing apparatus. The unison-key need not bedepressed. Its circuit-spring is attached to a conductor from The uppercharacter- IOO By this IZO A 13o to duplicate letters,and the key markedGutthe sunflower-segment,where three successive contacts are connectedto the type-wheel line, for purposes to be hereinafter fully described.

From the frame-plate A5 is projected horizontally a tubular arm, A,carrying the faceplate au, to which is secured, Figs. 6 and 7, thebracket supporting the bearings for one end ofthe type-wheel shaft D.The L-shaped guards consist of the bars dil and the plates d, fastenedto sleeves d, through which pass stud-pins d, and the stud-pin d1 passesv ors 4 to the printing-line.

through the sleeve d, to which is attached the spring d, and theseseveral parts are suitably attached to the face-plate a. The other endofthe type-wheel lshaft D is supported by adjusting-screws in aremovable cap, c, attached to the frame-plate A4.

The sunflowers C are composed of metallic segments c and c', embedded ina disk of insulating material secured in a removable brass ring, c,fitted into the frameplate At. The conductors from the sunflowers beingcarried down outside of the plate A4 in a suitable casing, c, andconnected to the contact-springs on the plate B', the removable cap cwand ring cA permit the sunflowers C to be detached from the plate A4without disturbing the electrical connections with these springs when itis necessary to remove the frames A* and A5 from the base-plate A.

rlhe double sunflower C consists of two circles of metallic segments, cand c', equally spaced and concentric with the type-wheel shaft D. Thesesegments are insulated from each other and fromV the supporting-ring am.The` segments c of the outer circle are alternately connected by theconductors 23, Figs. l() and ll, to the open-circuit springs b5,operated by the keys b of the key-board, and to the closed-circuitsprings b, operated by the keys b14 ofthe key-board. The upper anvils,b2, of springs b* are connected to the typewheel line by shortconductors 24, and the lower springs, If, forming anvils for theopencircuit springs b5, are connected by short conductors 24 to thetype-wheel line. In one instance three successive segments c areconneeted with closedcircuit keys, and these segments must be connectedsuccessively with the unison-key and the preceding and following key,taking the connections in the numerical order of the segments. Thesegments c' of the inner circle of segments are connected successivelyby conductors 3 to the springs'bs, the connections 3 from the innercircle of segments c being at a point diametrically opposite to theconnections 23 from the outer circle of segments, c, in order that thebrushes es and o9 may contact at the same time with the oppositesegments c and c. The springs bs, normally out of contact with theanvil-bars b3, contact with these bars when a key corresponding to aspring bB is depressed. The anvil-bars b3 are connected by shortconduct- It will be observed that the key-stems are tipped withinsulating material, b, which bears on springs b4 and b5,

and that insulating material, b, isinterposed between the stems carriedby the anvil-springs b6 and b" and the springs b8 in theprintingcircuit. By these devices the type-wheel circuit and theprinting-circuit are insulated from each other at the key-board, whileboth circuits are simultaneously closed when the brushes contact withsegments connected with an open-circuit spring, b5, and aprintingspring, bs, which have been depressed, and the type-wheel linehas been closed by the depression of an open-circuit key, andtheprinting-circuit only is closed when the brushes contact with segmentsconnected with a closedcircuit spring, b, and a printing-spring, be,which have been depressed, and the typewheel line has been broken by thedepression of a closed-circuit key. The depression of a key changes thesuccession of open andclosed circuit contacts in the enter circle ofsegments c, causing the type-wheel shaft to be arrested with the brushci', resting in contact with the segments connected with a springbelonging to the depressed key b13 or b, as will be hereinafterexplained. The metallic hub c" on the type-wheel shaft D is connected bythe spring c2 to the conductors 22 and 21, leading to the type-wheelbattery T B, and is in electrical connection with the arm c5 and brushc. The metallic hub con the same shaft is connected through the springc3 and conductors 2 and 1 to the printingbattery P B, and is inelectrical connection with the arm el and the brush e8. The brushes,arms, and hubs in one line are insulated from the brushes, arms, andhubs in the other line and from the type-wheel shaft, and the springs c2and d* are supported at one end on insulating material.

During the revolution of the typewheel shaft D and the brush cg, whichcontacts successively with the outer segments, c, and the brush cs,which contacts successively with the inner segments, c', alternate makesand breaks of the type-wheel line-circuit of battery T B will occur,while the circuit of battery P B will remain normally open between theanvils b3 and spring bs until a key is depressed'. When the brush c9passes over the three segments c, connected successively toclosed-circuit keys, a prolonged impulse will be sent over the typewheelline, without, however, checking the regular progressive movement of thetypewheel shaft effected by the intervention of a corrector, ashereinafter more particularly described.

Rotary motion is imparted to the type-wheel shaft D, Fig. 2, byWedge-pallets e* and e5, impinging on the V-shaped teeth of a starscape- Wheel, e6, secured to said shaft. The pallets are vibrated by thearmature-lever e', the armature e being attracted by the escapementelectro-magnet E when the type-wheel line is closed and withdrawn by theretracting-spring el when the line is broken, and since such advance ofthe scape-wheel, driven by each pallet through a space equal to half atooth, causes the brush c9 to contact with a succeeding seg- IOO IIO

ment c, alternate makes and breaks of circuit will succeed each other,and the type-wheel shaftwill continue to rotate automatically until theregular succession of impulses is interrupted by the depression of akey.

To prevent the prolonged impulses from three successive closed-circuitsegments of the sunflower from arresting the type-wheel shaft,

a corrector, T, is secured to but insulated from s aid shaft. Thecorrector consists of a metallic hub, t3, and two metallic disks, i* andt5, in electrical connection with said hub, but insulated from eachother by the intervening disks oi'insulating material. The diskttisindented only ldentation, passes under the spring t.

' net E and 'the unison electro-magnet F, when the springs t and t2 bothbear on metallic contacts on the disks t* and t5; but the entire currentis shunted through the unison electrolmagnet F by the spring 2 andconductors 27 and 28 when the circuit through the escapementelectro-magnet E is broken at the indentation in the disk tt, the springt then being clear of its metallic contact and riding on the insulatedmaterial of thedisk.

The break of circuit through the electromagnet Epermits the advance ofthe typewheel shaft, while the prolonged current of increasing intensityenergizes the unison electro` magnet F, causing Vit to strongly attractits armature f and overcome the tension of the retracting-spring f5. Thespring f8 is adjusted so as to resist the pull of the electromagnet Fwhen energized by pulsations of ordinary duration and intensityoccurring during the regular alternate pulsations produced through thesunliower of a transmitter. "When the armature f is attracted, the stop5o f* on the lever j'2 is withdrawn from the path of the unison-arm f 5,secured to and revolving with the type-wheel shaft D.

When the type-wheel shafts of both transl mitter and receiver arelrevolving in unison,it

follows that their respective unisonelectromagnets F will be energizedto withdraw the stops f* at precisely the same moment without arrestingeither type-wheel shaft; but if the typewheel shaft of a receiver is notrevolving in unison it will be arrested by the unisonstop until thebrush c9 of the transmitter passes two of the three successiveclosed-circuit contacts, and during the passage of the, brush over thesetwo closed-circuit contacts the prolonged current will occur, and whilepassing the iirst contact part of the current and while passing thesecond contact the entire current will be shunted through theelectro-magnet F, thereby simultaneously releasing the unisonarms ofthetransmitter and receiver. l This impulse of the full strength of thebattery succeeding an impulse of less strength, serving to charge theelectro-magnet E, cannot occur excepting at`the unison position of thetypewheel shaft and the type-wheels of the transmitter, when the brush cis passing two successive closed circuit segments, and consequently theunison-arm of the receiver will be released only when the type-wheelshafts and type-wheels of the transmitter and receiver are in unison.Therefore, if at any period in a revolution the type-wheels of therespective instruments should' fail to revolve in unison they will beautomatically corrected during the next revolution of the transmitter.

The corrector T and the automatic unison, operating in connection with adoublecoil electro-magnet and polarized armature, are described andclaimed in Letters Patent granted to me `under date of August 16, 1887but the corrector in said patent required an additional disk andcontact-spring,and instead of effecting a break of circuit through theescapementelectro-magnet, as in this application, the current wasdiverted from one coil to the other coil of the double-coilelectro-magnets, thereby'eft'ecting vibration of the 'polarizedarmature, while a prolonged impulse of current of uniform intensity andof the duration of two regular impulses was rshunted through the coilsof the unison electro-magnet. The director S, mounted on but insulatedfrom the typewheel shaft D, is similar in principle and general detailsto the director described and claimed in the aforesaid patent;

but 'the arrangement of contact disks and l springs is modified to adaptit to use in connection with a-single-'line conductor. Thev metallic hubs, Figs. l, 3, 10, and' 1l, extends through the corrector and is incontact with the metallic disks si, sa, sf, s1", and su, and-thesevmetallic disks are separated by disks of insulating material, on whichthe contact-springs s', s?, s, s, and 35 ride whenindentations occur inthe respective metallic disks. The hub s6 is insulated from thetype-wheel shaft D by a sleeve and from the adjoining hub with asetscrewattachment by a collar of insulating material. There are as many shortcontacts distributed on and among :the tive metallic disks as there aredivisions in one circle of segments in the Vsuniiow'er, or the aggregatenumber of contacts is equal to the number of characters and spaces on atype-wheel. -A.n additional contact is, however, introduced on the disksu on the same radial line with the contact on this disk, for a purposeto be hereinafter more fully explained. The contacts are very short, andthe insulating-spaces are extended; but both are uniformly spaced ISOaround the peripheries of the metallic disks.`

Three contacts' that would fall at the regular subdivisions of thedirector are omitted at.

suitable intervals'on the'metallic disk's,used

el k 377,763

to direct the printing-circuit, and opposite these intervals is provideda single contact in required order in each of the metallic disks S7 andse, and only one contact-spring can impinge at one time on a contact inthe disks sl, S8, and su at any point in the revolution of the director;but when a contact on the disk s9 falls under a spring, sa, thesupplemental contact on the `disk s falls under the spring S5, closingthe parallel circuit through the conductors 7 and 11 and electro-magnetsH and I. When the type-wheel shaft is arrested with the contact-spring85 resting on a contact on the disk s, the current entering by theconductor 6, spring s, and hub s6 passes by the disk s, spring S5, andconductor 7 th rough the coils of the impression electro-magnet H,employed to effect the step -bystep lmovement of the paper-carriage andto operate the impression devices. Vhen the spring s4 of a contact restson the disk sw, the current is directed through the conductor 9 and thecoils of the paperfeeding electro-magnet N. When the spring s3 rests ona contact on the disk s, a portion of the current is directed throughthe conductor 11 and the coil of the electro-magnet I, employed torelease the pawl h3 and dog hl, Fig. 1, from the rack j* of thepaper-carriage. This portion of the current in the parallel circuitenergizes the electro-magnet I, causing it to attract its armature t',and, by means of the armature-lever i', revolve the shaft i2, swing thelever i", carrying the pins i6, against the pawl h3, at the same time,by means of a pin, i, releasing the dog hl from the rack j. The currentin the other branch of the parallel circuit, through a contact in thedisk s, spring s, and conductor 7, at'the same moment energizes theelectro-magnet H, causing the armature h to be attracted, and the leverh is thereby drawn forward and the pawl 71.3 carried thereby, and,bearing against the pin fi, is detached from the rack j*, and thecounter-pawl h5, connected to said lever by the link h, is revolvedclear of the counter-rack j. The paper-carriage is then free to returnto its initial position.

NVhen the spring s rests on a contact on the disk sa, the current isdirected through the conductor 18, and the coils of the electro-magnetG, attracting its armature g and causing the type-wheelDi, containingfigures and punctuation-marks, to be shifted into position to giveimpressions, and when the spring s rests on a Contact on the disk s7 thecurrent is directed through the electro-magnet G by the conductor 15,causing its armature g to be attracted and the type-wheel D', containingalphabetical characters, to be shifted into position to giveimpressions. To avoid the friction of numerous contact-springs on themetallic disks of the director, I prefer to employ a sunflower, Fig. 16,arranged concentric with the type-wheel shaft D, the metallic segmentsbeing regularly spaced, and in number equal to those of each series inthe sunflower C. The segmental contacts are narrow, and those employedto direct the current through the conductor 7 are all connected to saidconductor, While the remaining contacts are connected successively, asshown, to the respective conductors, 9, l1, 13, and l5, and through therespective electro-magnets in their order, and for the purposes ashereinbefore set forth in reference to the director S.

The apparatus for shifting the two typewheels D and D2 will now bedescribed.

The type-wheels are rigidly secured to a sleeve, d3, Figs. 3, 6, and 7,moving freely on the type-wheel shaft D. The sleeve d3 terminates at itsinner extremity in a grooved collar, d6. The arm d", bifurcated at oneend, embraces the collar d, and `pins through the extremities of thebifurcated arms engage in the groove da of the lcollar d5. The otherextremity of the arm d is secured to the shifting-rod gn by theset-screw d10. The shiftingrod g slides freely through the face-plate aand the bracket d, and is jointed at one Yend lo the lever g1". Thelever g1 is secured to a rockshaft, g8, pivoted in brackets on theframeplate A5, and from a right-angled lever, gl, secured to therock-shaft g8, depends the connecting-rod ge, pivoted to thearmature-lever g2 of the shifting electro-magnets G and G.

Vhen the electro-magnet G is energized, its armature g is attracted andthe letter-wheel D is shifted into position, as shown in Fig. 3, to giveimpressions. TvVhen the electro-magnet G is energized, its armature g isattracted and the figure-Wheel D2 is shifted into position to giveimpressions. An arm, d, with two concave recesses in its upper surface,is secured to the shifting-rod y, and a spring, d, attached to theface-plate al, carries pivoted in its extremity a roller, 131, whichengages in one of the recesses in the arm d whenever the type wheels areshifted into position, and thereby firmly maintains the type-wheels incorrect position to give their impressions in one and the same straightline. The ink-roller frame d and d is loosely pivoted between fixedcollars on the shifting-rod g, and carries between one extremity of theframe the inkroller el, and at its other extremity the sides of theframes d13 and d are connected by a flat plate, d, against which anadjustable spring, d, bears, in order to regulate the pressure of theink-roller on the type-wheels. The plate d impinges against an adjustingscrew, all, when theink-roller passes over blank spaces on thetype-wheels. The ink-roller d, suitably mounted on a spindle, d,consists of fine felt, daz, punched out i`n circular form and compressedbetween the flanges d of the ink-roller d. The ink-roller frame, heiligsecured between iixed collars on the shifting-rod g, will vbe shiftedsimultaneously with the type-wheels without the aid of frictionalContact therewith.

rIhe printing spring d is adjustably attached to an arm, dm, locatedbetween the type- Wheels D and D2, and is rigidly secured to theshifting-rod gu. The spring d is thereby held IOC IOS

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in 'central position .between the type wheels and is shiftedsimultaneously with the typewheels. f

p To prevent impressions from the type-wheel not in use, curved guards,consisting of bars d27 and plates dfi-forming a combination L- shaped incross-section, are secured to the faceplate am by stud-pins d and nutsd. The vertical bars d of the guards are made of requisite strength -tosupport the thin horizontal flanges d2s and maintain their form againstthe pressure of the paper when struck by the printing-hammer h. Thehorizontal ianges die are made very thin to permit the paper to lieclose to but out of contact with the type-wheels. rlhe guards d27 andd2S are so located with reference to the type-wheels that the type-wheelin position to receive the impressions is in a vertical plane midwaybetween the edges of the fianges of the guards, while the idletype-wheel is in the recess formed by the ange di andbar d of one of theguards, and impressions can consequently be given from the exposedtype-wheel only.

- rollers j"Z6 bear against the fianges of the inverted channel-bar J 3,which is firmly held in position by the brackets j, secured to thebase-plate A', and offer rolling friction only to the movement of thepaper-carriage when driven forward by its rack or returned by the actionof a spring or wcight,j.

The mechanism employed to control the printing-hammer and paper-carriageand to space between letters and lines is mainly attached to a table,A3, supported on brackets al and a, secured to the base plate A2,extending from the side of base A.

Side frames, J and J', rising vertically and curved so as to extendhorizontally below the type-wheels, support loosely in their lowerhorizontal extensions a shaft, j`l5, carrying a spool, j, on which theroll of paper is wound, and is held between the anges J9. The sideframes are braced by the bar J3, supporting the rack j", and thecounter-rack j5 by the bar J2, supporting the Wheels j by thepaperguides J6 and J7 and the rod J4. The feedrollers j8 are securedatintervals on a shaft, j, turning freely in bearings iri the sideframes, J and J. The pressure-rollers j10 are secured directly oppositethe feed-rollers on a shaft,

6o jg, turning freely in bearings in the ends of the pinion may befeathered to a circular shaft. The shaft K turns in bearings ki',attached to the table A3, and the pinion lc slides freely on thev shaftK, and is moved longitudinally thereon by the flanged pinion jl, as thepapercarriage travels laterally.

A pinion, 7c', secured at the end of the shaft K, engages inthedriving-pinion k2, mounted on the shaft k, turning in bearings k3 andt5, supported on the table A3. This shaft la* carries a ratchet-wheel,as, into which engages the hook-pawl ne lou the lever a2, to which isattached the armature n' of the paper-feeding electro-magnets N. Thelever a is supported iu bearings n* and a5, and has a right-angularextension, a9, at its rear end, to the extremity of which is attachedits retractiug-springn1".- A stop, n, limits the backward throw of thelever n2, and a spring, n", maintains the hookpawl a in contact with theratchet-wheel ns.

Whenthe electro-magnet N is energized, it attracts its armature n',causing the ratchetwheel as to revolve one notch, and thereby, throughthe intervention of the gearing, shafts, and feed-rollers justdescribed, feed the paper horizontally between the guides J6 and J7 thespace between two lines of the impressions. I

A greatly-simplified and equally effective apparatus for feeding thesheet of paper between linesof the impression at any point in theexcursion of the paper-carriage is illustrated in Fig. 9, in whichj8represents the feedroller, preferably of vulcanized rubber, mounted on ashaft, j, which has its bearings in side bars, J and J', Fig. 9. Thepressure roller jl", mounted on a shaft, ji, may be of rubber or of woodor other suitable material, the shaft jg being supported in the bearingju, Fig. 9. A ratchet-wheel, as, is secured to the shaft jb near itscenter, Vand the ratchetlever n turns loosely on a hub secured to theside of the ratchetwheel as. The ratchet-lever n carries a pawl, n, heldagainst the ratchetwheel a8 by aspring, nl. Through the extremity of theratchet-lever nl is an oblong hole, n, so proportioned as to give aconstant bearing on the rod nl, and provided for sliding motion due tothe angular motion of the ratchet-lever n" and rod uw. The rod nl isrigidly held in the extremities of the arms n, which are rmly secured onthe rockshaft n3, mounted in supports attached to the table A3. Thearmature n of the paperfeeding electro-magnetNis attached to the levera2, secured to the rock-shaft n3. When the electro-magnet N isenergized, it attracts its armature n', thereby revolving the rock-shaftn3 and drawing downward the rod nl, whereby the ratchet-lever anis drawndownward, and, by the intervention of the pawl n, revolves thefeed-rollerj8 a space equal to one notch inthe ratchet-wheel as. Therelative movements and proportions of the levers, arm, and ratchetteeth,and the feed-roller are such as to feed the paper forward the spacebetween two lines of the impression. rlhe length of the rod al betweenthe arms n is sufficient to permit the rollers j8 and jl to traverse adistance equal t0 IOO lIO

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the length of the printed lines, and the paper can therefore be fedthereby at any point in the excursion of the paper-carriage.

The rack electro-magnet H is supported by the table A3. Its armature his attached to the lever h, in the extremity of which is pivoted a pawl,h3, pressed by a spring, A link, h6, connects the lever h with thecounterpawl, h5, which is pivoted near its center on a stud-bolt screwedinto a post rising from the table A3. The printing-hammer h, Figs. l, 3,and 5, is mounted on an adjustable elastic arm, h, attached to thebell-crank lever hm, which is supported on trunnions h1", bearing insupports It, rising from thetable A3. A small ratchet-wheel, h, and alarger ratchet-wheel, hm, are mounted on thc same shaft side by side,and this shaft turns in bearings in the supports 23.

Ahorizontal arm, h, terminating in ahookpawl at one extremity, engagesin a tooth of the smaller ratchet-wheel, 11.15, and at its otherextremity the arm h is pivotally connected to the lever 11.. A spring,7L, maintains the hook on the arm h14 in contact with the ratchet-wheelIt, and the printinghammer h, aided, if found necessary, by aretractingspring, (not shown,) maintains the bell-crank lever hwincontact with the ratchet-wheel hm. Vhen the electro-magnet H isenergized, it attracts its armature h, thereby drawing back the leverh', engaging the pawl 71.a in another vtooth of the rack j, and swingingthe counterpawl h5 out of engagement with the counterrack js. The samemovement of the lever h' causes the arm It to revolve the ratchet-wheels )L15 and h1, Figs. l and 5, the spaceof one tooth, and thevertical arm of the bell-crank lever h1E is forced forward by theratchet-tooth, and the horizontal arm swings upward, causing theprinting-hammer It to strike the paper with a rapid blow, forcing thepaper against the type-wheel in position to receive the impression.After the blow the vertical arm h1S immediately drops into the nextnotch of the ratchet-wheel hw, thus permitting the paperspring d24 tothrow the paper clear of the typewheels and thereby prevent blurring ofthe impressions. VVheu the circuit through the electro-magnet H isinterrupted, the lever h is forcibly retracted by the spring hg, and, bymeans of its pawl h3 and the rack j, moves the paper-carriage and paperlaterally the space between two letters, while the counter-pawl h5,engaging in the counter-rackj5, checks suddenly and limits the movementof the papercarriage, and the dog hl engages in a tooth of the rack j*to prevent its .retrograde movement.

The releasing electro-magnet I, depending from the table A3, is providedwith an armature, t, attached to the lever t', secured to a shaft, i2,on the upper extremity of which is carried the T-lcver i", Figs. l, 3,5, 10, and 1l.`

In the cross-arm i5 of the T-lever are fixed two pins, t6. Thelever-arms t* and t5 are situated just below the pawl h3 and dog hl, andthe pins i rise up just behind this pawl and dog, (one pin t6 nearly incontact with the dog,) but without interfering with their regularfunctions. When the electro-magnet I is energized, the armature t' isattracted, thereby causing the shaft t" to revolve, thus swinging theT-levers t" and t5, and causing the pins t to swing into contact withthe pawl h and to disengage the dog h7 from the rack j. Theelectro-magnet H, being in parallel circuit with the electro-magnet I,as hereinbefore explained, through the contacts on the disks s and 39and springs 85 and s" and conductors 7 and l1, the electro-magnet Hsimultaneously attracts its armature h, drawing forward the lever h andpawl h3, which now strikes the pin i6 and is thereby released from therack j. The movement of the lever h', connected to the counter-pawl h5by the link h, releases this counter-pawl from the counter-rack j". Thepaper-carriage is now free to return to the limit of its backwardexcursion when solicited by a weight or spring, j.

'Io indicate to the operator when the papercarriage has reached thelimit of its backward stroke, abell-crank signal-lever, jgj, pivoted atj, and with contacts j'Z2 and j, is employed. (See Fig. 4.) The contactsj" and f3 are in the circuit of the type-wheel line, Figs. 10 and 11,when the instruments are used automatically, but must be in the circuitof the printing-line when the instruments are operated through a centralstation, as will be hereinafter more fully described. Just as the papercarriage reaches the limit of its backward stroke the swinging pawlj17trips the bell-crank leverj" j, breaking the circuit of the line closedby the contacts j and j. An adjustable setscrew, jl, and spring j areattached to the base A of the instrument, and the return movement of thepaper-carriage is arrested when the buffer j, secured to the side bar,J', impinges against the spring which strikes the set screw jl, theresistance of the spring j15 neutralizing the shock of the carriage andthe set-screwj16 limiting its retrograde movement.

The single-line individualizing cut-outillus trated in perspective inFig. 13 and partially appearing in Fig. 2 will now be described.

In the portions of the type-wheel line and printing -line circuits shownin Fig. 13, and also for the electro magnets common to this ligure andFigs. 10 and 11, the notation of Figs. 10 and 11 has been retained.I Theadditional circuits required for the cut out are indicated by numeralswith literal exponents.

On a shaft, p6, is mounted a ratchet-Wheel, p5, and a circuit-closer, O,consisting of a. metallic hub, o2, insulated from the shaft p and inelectrical connection with a ymetallic disk insulated from the shaft p6,but in electrical. connection with the hub o2. The contactspring o bearson the hub o, and the contactspring o bears on the disk o, these springsbeing'insulated from each other and from the instrument. The shaft pcarries also a unisondisk, U, with a spiral on its face, in which theIIO

